Combined lubricating and cooling system for internal-combustion engines.



C. RADIGUER.

COMBINED LUBRICATING AND COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 4, I9I5.

1,173,587. Patented Feb.29,1916.

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UNITED STATES PAT/ENT OFFICE.

CHARLES RADIGUER, 0F ST.DENIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR 'lO THE SOCIETE ANONYME `ILES ETABLISSEMENTS DELAUNAY-BELLEVILLE, OF ST.DENIS, FRANCE,v A CORPO- RATION OF FRANCE.

COMBINED LUBRICATING AND COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

To all lwhom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, CHARLES RADIGUER, citizen of the French Republic, residing at St.-Denis, Department ot the Seine, in France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Lubricating and Cooling Systems for Internal-Combustion Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The method of lubricating engines known in which the elements to be lubricated are placed in a casing so arranged as t0 collect the oil dripping oli thc lubricated surfaces, and in which the oil is drawn up b v a special pump which supplies the same A under pressure, to the surface in frictional contact. It is known that this method permits of increasing the unitary pressures on the rubbing surfaces and the relative speeds of these surfaces; it therefore permits oi raising the forces by unit of weight. to a value which could not be reached with any' other method of lubricating. The advantages derived from a circulation ot' water in the interior of pistons of internal eombustion engines, is also known; this circulation Vof water permits of' increasing the average pressure exerted by the gases on the pistons and therefore of increasing the speed of the said pistons, in particular when they have a large diameter. The circulation of water in pistons therefore permits. like lubrication in a casing. of increasing the power by unit of weight ot' the engine. The above will show the value of combining these two methods; lubrication in a casing and cooling of pistons by a. circulation of water. This combination, however, presents a capita-l dilliculty; watercan only be supplied to the pistons through the medium of such elements as telescopic tubes or jointed knee joints, comprising stnllii'lg boxes the absolute fluid-tightness of which cannot be insured; water leaking through these stalling boxes drops into the casingl and mixes with the oil contained therein. therebyY depriving the latter of its .lubricating properties.

lt has been attempted to remedy this despecicaaon of Letters Patent. ,Patented Feb 29, 1916,

Application l'ed May 4, 1915. 4Serial No. 25,863.

feet by cooling the pistons not with water but with the oil contained in the casing; this system, however, has-still some disadvantages, namely the co-eiicient oftransmission of heat by oil is less than that of water a'nd therefore an adequate cooling is not always obtained; further, the casing oil must in turn, be cooled by a refrigerator having a circulation of water, the dimensions of which are prohibitive when it is desired to obtain powerful engines having a light weight and taking up little space.

Theinvention relates to a system permitting ot combining lubrication in a casing and circulation of water in the pistons, While preventing any possibility of the introduc tion of water into the oil. The combination' which leads to this result, is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Figure l is a longitudinal section through a vertical engine, taken on line X Xof Fig. Fig. 2 is a transverse section through the engine, taken ou line Y Y ot' Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is asection through the brasses ot the small end of the connecting rod, taken on line Z Z of Fig. Q.

The casing is divided into two compartments b v means ot' a horizontal partition l; the lubricating oil accumulates in .the lower compartment and leakage water accumulates in the upper compartment. The horizontal partition l is above the space wherein the crank shaft operates: it is formed with openings '2 for the passage 2 of the connecting rods; each opening is edged with a screen 3 shaped somewhat after the manner of a chimney, within which the connecting rod operates. Oil may drip oli" 1. the bearings for the crankshaft and oil the latter itseli:`;2, the brasses of the large end ot' the connecting rod; 3, the brasses of the small end of the connecting rod; 4, the cylinder and piston surfaces in frictional contact. It is evident that the oil coming from the sha'lt and its bearings cannot be projected intov thc upper compartment of the casing. The oil coming from the brasses ot' the head of the connecting rod also cannot be. projected externally if the openings are suliieiently narrow and chimney like screens are suitably arranged. The drops of oil expelled by centrifugal force are projected tangentially to the circles described by the various points of the brasses or of the crank; an examination of the figures show that these drops can strike the horizontal partition of the chimney-like screen, but they cannot penetrate the upper compartment of the casing. l 1

The oil coming from the brasses of the small end of the connecting rod may also .Y be brought into the lower compartment of' 4, 4; the major ,portion of the oil escapes,

through the pipes 5, 5 which returns the same to the lower compartment of the casing. A- very small quantity `of oil passes through the play left between the lining and the end of the'bearing; this small quantity of oil may be lost without any great inconvenience but'should it be desiredito avoid losses of any kind, the play or clearance left between the said lining and the end' of the bearing, by means of a felt washer` 7, 7 orV other similar matter, secured to the brass and in frictional Contact with the linlng. Finally, lubricating oil for the cylinders may freely drop into the upper compart-V ment of the casing; this does not constitute a disadvantage as on the contrary having',

been carbonized to a greater or lesser extent, has lost its lubricating properties and when mixed with the-proper oil contained in the bottom of the casing, it gradually modifies the quality thereof. There is therefore no reason to prevent said oil from reaching the upper part of the casing.`

Moreover, the conduits for supplyingv water to the pistons and those for the outlet of same` must be arranged in such a manner` that all leakage water remains in the upper compartment of the casing and accumulates on the horizontal partitions whence it may be readily expelled tothe exterior through the pipe 8. In 'order to obtain this result it is suficient that the different stufiing boxes of the telescopic tubesand the knee joints 9, 10 should move in vertical planes externally of the surroundings of the connecting rods; projected drops of water remain in these vertical planes and cannot penetrate the lower compartment of the casing. This result is readily obtained if the water conduits are secured to the pistons in proximity to the diametral plane parallel to the enginev shaft, for instance, at 11', 11. The conduits directed sleeve-like portion tapering toward in which some of the lubricant is retained 'in the crank case, of a horizontal partit1on 75 above the bottom of the crank case to prevent the leakage from the cooling system 'and the lubricant in the crank case from mixing.

2. The combination with an internal combustion engine having a cooling system for cooling the piston, and a lubricating system in which some of the lubricant is retained in the crank case, of a horizontal partition above the bottom of the crank case, said partition having an upwardly directed sleevelike portion surrounding the connecting rod tov prevent theV leakage from said cooling system and the lubricant in the crank case from mixing.

- 3. The combination with an internal combustion engine having a'cooling system for` cooling thepiston, and a lubricating system in whichy some of the lubricant is retained in the crank case, of a horizontal partition above the bottom of the crank case, to prevent the leakage from the cooling system and the'lubricant in the crank case from mixing, said partition. havingan upwardly the` piston and so disposed that the leakage from -said cooling system will fall upon the upper surface of said sleeve-like portion and so disposed that the lubricant below said partition will be thrown against the under surface of said sleeve-like portion and thereby prevented from mixing with said leakagel from the cooling system. Y

4. The combination with an internal comlbustion engine having a cooling system for cooling the piston, and a lubricating system in which a portion of the lubricant lis retained in the crank case, of means for collecting the leakage from `the cooling'system and also the lubricant from the cylinder,

said means being adapted to prevent such collected leakage and lubricant from mixing with the lubricant in the crank case.

5. The combination with an internal combustion engine, of a horizontal partition disposed above the crank shaft and capable of collecting the used lubricant from the cylinder, means to conduct lubricant to the wrist pin of the piston, and means to return the lubricant conducted to the wrist pin to the 325 lower portion of the crank case beneath said partition.

6. The combination with an internal combustion engine having a. cooling system for cooling the piston, and a lubricating system in which some of the lubricant is retained in the crank case', of a horizontal partition adapted to collect the leakage from said cooling system and carbonized oil from the cylinder and to prevent said leakage and carbonized oil from mixing with the lubri` cant in the crank case, and means for conducting reusable lubricant from the wrist Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the C. RADIGUER. Witnesses :y

DREW C. PooL, Jr., HENRI COHEN.

Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, 19.6. 

